Improvement in refining petroleum



Y 15ATENTED JAN. 3, 1871.

'R EATON. REFINING PETROLEUM.

w/r/vsssss INVENTOR rum-a snow RICHARD nA'rou-or MONTREA L, CANADA.

Letters Patent No. 110,638, dated January 3, 1871.

IMPROVEMENT IN REFlNlNG PETROLEUM.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Brennan EATON, of the city of Montreal, in thedistrict of Montreal, in the.-I?rov-- I ince of Quebec, Canada,mechanical engineer, have dis- ;covered a new and useful Art of-Cleansing or Filtering Orude Petroleum-Oil for lubricating purposes, andapparatus for performingt'the same and I do'hercby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the constructionand operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing,where-- I Figure I represents a sectional elevation of the apparatus.

1 Figure II, a detail section.

The object of this discovery is the production of a cheapand at the sametime superior lubricating oil for machinery, 850., from the crudepetroleum-oils of commerce, by a process which, while performing itsfunctions in removing the gritty and other foreign substaucefrom thecrude oils'equally wel1,.if not morethoroughly than by the ordinaryprocess employed,

' does so without impairing or changing the peculiar qualities of theoil, which fit it for lubricating purposes.

lhis last diiiiculty has been'iu a greater or lesser degree experiencedin the usual modes adopted for converting the crude petroleum intolubricating oil, the high temperature to which. it is exposed, togetherwith the action of the chemicals employed in the process, creating achange mas character of the oil prejudicial to its utility.

Inv the process-I have discovered the modusopcfamli is entirelydifi'erent. The impurities with gritty substances being washed out ofthe crude oil mechanically, by. bringing the oil in a finely-dividedstatefiu contact with hot or cold water, thewater having a strongerafiinity for the foreign substances than the 011 has, unites with andholds them in suspension while .passing downward through the oil, and inthis mannerremoves the foreign substances from. thcvcssel in onedirect-ion while the oil escapes in another direction into its properreceptacle. The water, charged purifying vessel, into which it isdischarged, falling.

down and coming in contact with the ascending oil, which has again beenintroduced, or other fresh crude oil, into the purifying-vessel, througha pipe leading into its bottom and terminating'in a perforated cont calnozzle, which causes the oil to enter the yessel in a shower, and thusbrings the globules; in more 'i nv mediate contact with the descendingwater.

A revolving brush, placed on the inner or lower side of the conicalnozzle, series to keep its perforations open or from-becoming clogged upwith impurities contained-in the oil while passing through. I

Finely-perforated diaphragins may also be arranged at diiferent pointsin the purifying-vessel forthe oil to pass through, and which willassist in the purifying process. These perforated 'diaphragms must be soarranged as to be taken out, cleaned, and replaced with facility. v

It will be found that two washings will serve for the completepurification of the oil for'lubricating pun poses, while in sorne'casesone washing will answer.

\Vith the foregoing general description of my discover-VI and the mannerin which it is carried-intoop eration, I will now proceed to describemore particularlythe-apparatus employed, identifying each part by asuitable letter of reference.

a is thefpri ucipal' vessel for the purifying process, and may be of anysuitabledimensidns commensurate with the work to be performed. Bypreference itis cylindrical in form, and in proportion should possess alengt'h'of about six' times its diameter.

,It is provided on its bottom. with a perforated conical chamber, 7),for the admission'of the crude oil in finely-divided streams orglobules. v

It has also an inlet-pipe, 0, for the hot water, near its top, andan'ontlet-pipe, (I, at the bottom, for thepassage of the water from thevessel a after it'has performed its functions.

A second outlet-pipe, a, is arranged'at the upper end for the escape ofthe oil which has passed upward through the column ofwater in a.

Adj uncts to thc purifying-vessel a are "the tank f,

into which the water falls after having passed dowuward through a, andpipe (I, wherein the the granular or other earthy particlescontaincd inthe'water are deposited by gravitation on its bottom. g is a secondtank, connected by an overflow-pipe, i, to the tank f.

'ihrou 'h this pipe the clean water from passes to In order to keep theperforations int clear from do posits of sand 0". pitchy matter, arerolving. brush, m, made of wire, or split canes, or other suitablematerial, is placedon the inside of-the cone. and made to revolve bysuitable gearing, n, connected with the motiv'e-power, water or steam,which operates the pumps.

When the purifed or partially-purified oil reaches the top ofthe vessela, it passes from thence through the pipe 0 into the tank 1:, fromwhich, if the process is completed, it is drawn off into casks for use.

In the-event of requiring additional treatment, it may be returnedeither to the tank It or Z and passed a second time through the purifiera, as already described.

All the various supply and discharge-pipes are provided with suitableregulating-cocks.

o are suitable perforated diaphragms, which may be placed at properintervals in the purifying-vessel a to assist the process and arrangedfor easy removal at the top of the vessel for cleaning.

, Having thus describedmy discovery, to which I have given the name ofEatons art and apparatus for manufacturinglubricating oil from crudepetroleumoils, with the manner in which the same is carried intoeflf'eet,'

What I claim as my discovery is- 1. The art of removing'carthy particlesand other impurities fiOlll crude petrbleum-oil by .-the washing\Vitnesses H. OLENDENNING, CHARLES LEGGE.

